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Deductive reasoning
Author(s) -
JohnsonLaird Phil
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
wiley interdisciplinary reviews: cognitive science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.526
H-Index - 49
eISSN - 1939-5086
pISSN - 1939-5078
DOI - 10.1002/wcs.20
Subject(s) - negation , inference , deductive reasoning , principal (computer security) , computer science , propositional calculus , epistemology , cognitive science , artificial intelligence , calculus (dental) , psychology , programming language , philosophy , medicine , dentistry , operating system
This article begins with an account of logic, and of how logicians formulate formal rules of inference for the sentential calculus, which hinges on analogs of negation and the connectives if, or , and and . It considers the various ways in which computer scientists have written programs to prove the validity of inferences in this and other domains. Finally, it outlines the principal psychological theories of how human reasoners carry out deductions. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. This article is categorized under: Psychology > Reasoning and Decision Making