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Suspension, bulk, and emulsion polymerization of vinyl chloride—mechanism, kinetics, and reactor modelling
Author(s) -
Xie T. Y.,
Hamielec A. E.,
Wood P. E.,
Woods D. R.
Publication year - 1991
Publication title -
journal of vinyl technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.295
H-Index - 35
eISSN - 1548-0585
pISSN - 0193-7197
DOI - 10.1002/vnl.730130103
Subject(s) - kinetics , emulsion polymerization , suspension polymerization , suspension (topology) , vinyl chloride , chemical engineering , emulsion , polymerization , polymer chemistry , chemistry , mechanism (biology) , materials science , organic chemistry , polymer , copolymer , engineering , physics , mathematics , quantum mechanics , homotopy , pure mathematics
A review of relevant microscopic processes, both chemical and physical, which occur during suspension, bulk and emulsion polymerization (both before and after pressure drop) is given. The state of the art of kinetic modelling of monomer consumption rate, reactor pressure, molecular weight and short and long chain branching development and polymer chain microstructure is illustrated. The effects of diffusion‐controlled termination and propagation reactions and the significant decrease in initiator efficiency and decomposition rate constant at high monomer conversions on the relative rates of various chemical reactions are discussed. The application of temperature programming and semibatch operation are emphasized. Finally, attempts to model polymer particle morphology are described.