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The influence of additives on the primary particle nucleation and agglomeration in poly(vinyl‐chloride)
Author(s) -
Törnell Bertil E.,
Uustalu Jaan M.
Publication year - 1982
Publication title -
journal of vinyl technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.295
H-Index - 35
eISSN - 1548-0585
pISSN - 0193-7197
DOI - 10.1002/vnl.730040202
Subject(s) - economies of agglomeration , nucleation , vinyl acetate , agglomerate , particle size , chemical engineering , particle (ecology) , materials science , vinyl chloride , monomer , vinyl alcohol , polymer chemistry , chemistry , organic chemistry , composite material , polymer , copolymer , oceanography , engineering , geology
The formation and agglomeration of PVC primary particles were studied in bulk polymerization experiments. In the absence of additives, the primary particles started to agglomerate at low conversions. The agglomeration conversion, as well as the size of the agglomerated particles, decreased when the agitation speed increased. At the highest speed tested, the agglomeration started already at 0.05 percent conversion. The primary particle size was about 0.16‐0.18 μm, and seemed to be constant in the conversion interval studied (up to 5 percent). This indicated that the nucleation rate of primary particles was almost constant and that the growth rate of agglomerated particles was very low. The addition of sorbitan monolaurate produced a decrease in primary particle size. Polymeric additives such as PMMA, EVA, and PVAc stabilized primary particles against agglomeration but had no marked effect on the primary particle size. The monomer‐soluble fraction of poly(vnyl alcohol‐ b ‐vinyl acetate) with high content acetate groups did not affect either the particle size or the agglomeration process.