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Zinc maleate and calcium stearate as a complex thermal stabilizer for poly(vinyl chloride)
Author(s) -
Wang Ming,
Li Haixia,
Huang Xingliang,
Yi Li
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
journal of vinyl and additive technology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.295
H-Index - 35
eISSN - 1548-0585
pISSN - 1083-5601
DOI - 10.1002/vnl.21336
Subject(s) - calcium stearate , zinc stearate , stabilizer (aeronautics) , thermal stability , vinyl chloride , stearate , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , zinc , materials science , polyene , chlorine , polymer chemistry , chemical engineering , nuclear chemistry , chemistry , organic chemistry , composite material , copolymer , metallurgy , polymer , mechanical engineering , raw material , engineering
Zinc maleate (ZnMA) and calcium maleate (CaMA) were synthesized by reaction of maleic acid with the corresponding metal oxides and were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, thermal analysis, and Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The thermal stabilizing effects of ZnMA and CaMA on poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) were investigated at 180°C in air by a static stability test. The stabilization mechanism of ZnMA and the synergism of ZnMA/CaSt 2 (St = stearate) were also studied by UV‐visible and FTIR spectroscopies, as well as a thermal stability test. The PVC with the ZnMA stabilizer exhibited good thermal and color stability caused by the ability of ZnMA to replace the labile chlorine atoms in PVC chains, absorb hydrogen chloride, and react with the polyene intermediates via a Diels–Alder mechanism. The gel content of the PVC/ZnMA samples reached 31% after 2 min of heating and 44% after 10 min, thereby indicating that crosslinking could easily occur with ZnMA, probably owing to catalysis by Zn species. The static and dynamic stability results showed that the synergistic effect of the ZnMA/CaSt 2 stabilizer was greater than that of ZnSt 2 /CaSt 2 . J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 20:1–9, 2014. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers