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State of the art: an integrated approach to pelvic floor ultrasonography
Author(s) -
Santoro G. A.,
Wieczorek A. P.,
Dietz H. P.,
Mellgren A.,
Sultan A. H.,
Shobeiri S. A.,
Stankiewicz A.,
Bartram C.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
ultrasound in obstetrics and gynecology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.202
H-Index - 141
eISSN - 1469-0705
pISSN - 0960-7692
DOI - 10.1002/uog.8816
Subject(s) - medicine , pelvic floor , ultrasonography , obstructed defecation , modalities , pelvic floor disorders , urinary incontinence , fecal incontinence , pelvic floor dysfunction , defecation , perspective (graphical) , radiology , surgery , artificial intelligence , social science , sociology , computer science
Surgical management of pelvic floor disorders depends on a comprehensive understanding of the structural integrity and function of the pelvic floor. For visualizing this region, ultrasonography has emerged as a procedure that is relatively easy to perform, cost‐effective and widely available. In this review, pelvic floor ultrasonography, including two‐dimensional (2D), three‐dimensional (3D) and 4D imaging as well as transvaginal, endoanal and transperineal techniques, is discussed from a global and multicompartmental perspective, rather than using a compartmentalized approach. The role of the different sonographic modalities in the major disorders of the pelvic floor—urinary and fecal incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse and obstructed defecation syndrome—is evaluated critically. Copyright © 2011 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.