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Preconcentration and chromatographic detection of atrazine in real water sample using aqueous two‐phase system based on tetrahydrofuran and glycerol
Author(s) -
Buarque Filipe S.,
Lima Nayara S.,
Soares Cleide M. F.,
Marques Maria N.,
Cavalcanti Eliane B.,
Pereira Matheus M.,
Souza Ranyere L.,
Lima Álvaro S.
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
environmental quality management
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.249
H-Index - 27
eISSN - 1520-6483
pISSN - 1088-1913
DOI - 10.1002/tqem.21738
Subject(s) - atrazine , tetrahydrofuran , detection limit , chromatography , chemistry , aqueous solution , context (archaeology) , glycerol , aqueous two phase system , environmental chemistry , pesticide , organic chemistry , geology , paleontology , solvent , agronomy , biology
Environmental contamination by atrazine leads to serious environmental impact. The low concentrations of atrazine in aqueous media render its identification and quantification difficult. In this context, aqueous two‐phase systems based on tetrahydrofuran (THF) + glycerol were tested as simultaneous recovery and preconcentration platforms of atrazine from real water samples. The phase diagrams were determined, and it was reported that the phase separation ability largely depends on the number of hydroxyl groups present in each polyol. Posteriorly, the atrazine was partitioned to the THF‐rich phase and presented recovery values between 70.9 ( K ATZ = 2.9) and 96.5% ( K ATZ = 15.2). The computational predictive method (COSMO‐RS) was used, aiming to confirm the atrazine partitioning for the THF‐rich phase. In addition, a 250‐fold preconcentration factor was achieved using a mixture point of 3.27 wt% of THF + 93.98 wt% of glycerol + 2.75 wt% of real water sample. This preconcentration factor and subsequent use of UFLC‐TOF permitted the identification and quantification of atrazine in real samples of water collected in the hydrographic basin from the Japaratuba River, in the state of Sergipe, Brazil. The protocol presented values of 95‒2400 ng L −1 of atrazine with a limit of detection of 50 ng L −1 .