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Pheretima aspergillum extract attenuates high‐KCl‐induced mitochondrial injury and pro‐fibrotic events in cardiomyoblast cells
Author(s) -
Huang PeiChen,
Shibu Marthandam Asokan,
Kuo ChiaHua,
Han ChienKuo,
Chen YuehSheng,
Lo FengYueh,
Li Heng,
Viswanadha Vijaya Padma,
Lai ChaoHung,
Li Xudong,
Huang ChihYang
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
environmental toxicology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.813
H-Index - 77
eISSN - 1522-7278
pISSN - 1520-4081
DOI - 10.1002/tox.22763
Subject(s) - cardiac fibrosis , ctgf , downregulation and upregulation , fibrosis , hyperkalemia , chemistry , apoptosis , mapk/erk pathway , toxicity , pharmacology , medicine , andrology , endocrinology , growth factor , signal transduction , biochemistry , receptor , gene
Hyperkalemia is often associated with cardiac dysfunction. In this study an earthworm extract (dilong) was prepared from dried Pheretima aspergillum powder and its effect against high‐KCl challenge was determined in H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells. H9c2 cells pre‐treated with dilong (31.25, 62.5, 125, and 250 mg/mL) for 24 hours, where challenged with different doses of KCl treatment for 3 hours to determine the protective mechanisms of dilong against cardiac fibrosis. High‐KCl administration induced mitochondrial injury and elevated the levels of pro‐apoptotic proteins. The mediators of fibrosis such as ERK, uPA, SP1, and CTGF were also found to be upregulated in high‐KCl condition. However, dilong treatment enhanced IGF1R/PI3k/Akt activation which is associated with cell survival. In addition, dilong also reversed high‐KCl induced cardiac fibrosis related events in H9c2 cells and displayed a strong cardio‐protective effect. Therefore, dilong is a potential agent to overcome cardiac events associated with high‐KCl toxicity.