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Effect of particulate matter 2.5 on gene expression profile and cell signaling in JEG‐3 human placenta cells
Author(s) -
Kim Woong,
Cho Yoon,
Song MiKyung,
Lim Junghee,
Kim Jin young,
Gye Myung Chan,
Ryu JaeChun
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
environmental toxicology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.813
H-Index - 77
eISSN - 1522-7278
pISSN - 1520-4081
DOI - 10.1002/tox.22591
Subject(s) - kegg , biology , signal transduction , gene , gene expression , toxicant , gene expression profiling , genetics , transcriptome , medicine , toxicity
Particulate matter the environmental toxicant, with a diameter less than or equal to 2.5 μm (PM 2.5 ) is a common cause of several respiratory diseases. In recent years, several studies have suggested that PM 2.5 can influence diverse diseases, such as respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, dementia, and female reproductive disorders, and unhealthy birth outcomes. In addition, several epidemiological studies have reported that adverse health effects of PM 2.5 can differ depending on regional variations. In the present study, to evaluate specific adverse health effects of PM 2.5 , we collected two different PM 2.5 samples from an underground parking lot and ambient air, and we evaluated cytotoxicity with eight different cell lines originating from human organs. Then, we selected JEG‐3 human placenta cells, which show high cytotoxicity to both PM samples. Through RNA sequencing, gene expression profiling, and a gene ontology (GO) analysis of JEG‐3 after exposure to two different PM 2.5 samples, we identified 1021 commonly expressed genes involved in immune responses, the regulation of apoptosis, and so forth, which are known to induce several adverse health effects. In addition, we identified genes related to the calcium‐signaling pathway, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and the cytokine‐cytokine receptor interaction through a Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. Then, we confirmed these gene expressions using qRT‐PCR, and the protein levels of mitogen‐activated protein kinases and COX‐2 with progesterone decreased using western blotting and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. In conclusion, this study suggests the possible toxic mechanism of human placenta that might be associated with PM 2.5 ‐induced female reproductive disorders.