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Oxidative stress as a damage mechanism in porcine cumulus‐oocyte complexes exposed to malathion during in vitro maturation
Author(s) -
Flores Diana,
Souza Verónica,
Betancourt Miguel,
Teteltitla Mario,
GonzálezMárquez Humberto,
Casas Eduardo,
Bonilla Edmundo,
RamírezNoguera Patricia,
GutiérrezRuíz María Concepción,
Ducolomb Yvonne
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
environmental toxicology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.813
H-Index - 77
eISSN - 1522-7278
pISSN - 1520-4081
DOI - 10.1002/tox.22384
Subject(s) - oxidative stress , malathion , tbars , reactive oxygen species , chemistry , superoxide dismutase , catalase , trolox , lipid peroxidation , glutathione , glutathione peroxidase , andrology , glutathione reductase , biochemistry , pharmacology , biology , enzyme , medicine , pesticide , antioxidant capacity , agronomy
Malathion is one of the most commonly used insecticides. Recent findings have demonstrated that it induces oxidative stress in somatic cells, but there are not enough studies that have demonstrated this effect in germ cells. Malathion impairs porcine oocyte viability and maturation, but studies have not shown how oxidative stress damages maturation and which biochemical mechanisms are affected in this process in cumulus‐oocyte complexes (COCs). The aims of the present study were to determine the amount of oxidative stress produced by malathion in porcine COCs matured in vitro, to define how biochemical mechanisms affect this process, and determine whether trolox can attenuate oxidative damage. Sublethal concentrations 0, 750, and 1000 µM were used to evaluate antioxidant enzyme expressions, reactive oxygen species (ROS production), protein oxidation, and lipid peroxidation, among other oxidation products. COCs viability and oocyte maturation decreased in a concentration‐dependent manner. Malathion increased Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1), glutathione‐ S ‐transferase (GST), and glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) protein level and decreased glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) and catalase (CAT) protein level. Species reactives of oxygen (ROS), protein oxidation and Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels increased in COCs exposed to the insecticide, but when COCs were pre‐treated with the trolox (50 µM) 30 min before and during malathion exposure, these parameters decreased down to control levels. This study showed that malathion has a detrimental effect on COCs during in vitro maturation, inducing oxidative stress, while trolox attenuated malathion toxicity by decreasing oxidative damage.