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Effects of Pb(Ⅱ) exposure on Chlorella protothecoides and Chlorella vulgaris growth, malondialdehyde, and photosynthesis‐related gene transcription
Author(s) -
Xiong Bang,
Zhang Wei,
Chen Lin,
Lin KuangFei,
Guo MeiJin,
Wang WeiLiang,
Cui XinHong,
Bi HuaSong,
Wang Bin
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
environmental toxicology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.813
H-Index - 77
eISSN - 1522-7278
pISSN - 1520-4081
DOI - 10.1002/tox.21865
Subject(s) - chlorella vulgaris , malondialdehyde , photosynthesis , biology , toxicity , chlorophyll , ecotoxicology , botany , zoology , chlorella , algae , food science , environmental chemistry , toxicology , chemistry , biochemistry , oxidative stress , organic chemistry
Greater exposure to Pb(Ⅱ) increases the likelihood of harmful effects in the environment. In this study, the aquatic unicellular alga Chlorella protothecoides ( C. protothecoides ) and Chlorella vulgaris ( C. vulgaris ) were chosen to assess the acute and chronic toxicity of Pb(Ⅱ) exposure. Results of the observations show dose‐response relationships could be clearly observed between Pb(Ⅱ) concentration and percentage inhibition (PI). Exposure to Pb(Ⅱ) increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content by up to 4.22 times compared with the control, suggesting that there was some oxidative damage. ANOVA analysis shows that Pb(Ⅱ) decreased chlorophyll (chl) content, indicating marked concentration‐dependent relationships, and the lowest levels of chl a, chl b, and total‐chl were 14.53, 18.80, and 17.95% of the controls, respectively. A real‐time PCR assay suggests the changes in transcript abundances of three photosynthetic‐related genes. After 120 h exposure Pb(Ⅱ) reduced the transcript abundance of rbc L, psa B, and psb C, and the relative abundances of the three genes of C. protothecoides and C. vulgaris in response to Pb(Ⅱ) were 54.66–98.59, 51.68–95.59, 37.89–95.48, 36.04–94.94, 41.19–91.20, and 58.75–96.80% of those of the controls, respectively. As for 28 d treatments, the three genes displayed similar inhibitory trend. This research provides a basic understanding of Pb(Ⅱ) toxicity to aquatic organisms. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 29: 1346–1354, 2014.