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Mitochondrial gene expression, antioxidant responses, and histopathology after cadmium exposure
Author(s) -
Al Kaddissi Simone,
Legeay Alexia,
Elia Antonia Concetta,
Gonzalez Patrice,
Floriani Magali,
Cavalie Isabelle,
Massabuau JeanCharles,
Gilbin Rodolphe,
Simon Olivier
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
environmental toxicology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.813
H-Index - 77
eISSN - 1522-7278
pISSN - 1520-4081
DOI - 10.1002/tox.21817
Subject(s) - hepatopancreas , bioaccumulation , oxidative stress , procambarus clarkii , biology , superoxide dismutase , cadmium , crayfish , gene expression , gill , antioxidant , reactive oxygen species , microbiology and biotechnology , gene , andrology , toxicology , chemistry , biochemistry , ecology , medicine , organic chemistry , fishery , fish <actinopterygii>
The present study investigates cadmium effects on the transcription of mitochondrial genes of Procambarus clarkii after acute (0.05, 0.5, and 5 mg Cd/L; 4–10 days) and chronic exposures (10 μg Cd/L; 30–60 days). Transcriptional responses of cox1 , atp6 , and 12S using quantitative real‐time RT‐PCR were assessed in gills and hepatopancreas. Additionally, the expression levels of genes involved in detoxification and/or oxidative stress responses [ mt , sod ( Mn )] and enzymatic activities of antioxidants (SOD, CAT, GPX, and GST) were analyzed. The histopathological effects in hepatopancreas of crayfish were evaluated by light microscopy. Relationships between endpoints at different levels of biological organization and Cd bioaccumulation were also examined. Cd induced high levels of bioaccumulation, which was followed by mitochondrial dysfunction and histological alterations in both experiments. Moreover, perturbations in the defence mechanisms against oxidative stress tended to increase with time. Results also showed that molecular responses can vary depending on the intensity and duration of the chemical stress applied to the organisms and that the study of mt gene expression levels seemed to be the best tool to assess Cd intoxication. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 29: 893–907, 2014.