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Antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation in earthworm Eisenia fetida exposed to 1,3,4,6,7,8‐hexahydro‐4,6,6,7,8,8‐hexamethyl‐cyclopenta‐γ‐2‐benzopyran
Author(s) -
Liu Shuo,
Zhou Qixing,
Chen Chun
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
environmental toxicology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.813
H-Index - 77
eISSN - 1522-7278
pISSN - 1520-4081
DOI - 10.1002/tox.20661
Subject(s) - eisenia fetida , superoxide dismutase , catalase , lipid peroxidation , malondialdehyde , oxidative stress , antioxidant , chemistry , glutathione peroxidase , toxicology , toxicity , environmental chemistry , food science , biochemistry , biology , organic chemistry
Polycyclic musks have been indicated to cause lethal and sublethal effects on exposed biota. However, knowledge about the effect of polycyclic musks on the antioxidant defense system in earthworms is vague. In this work, the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) exposed to 1,3,4,6,7,8‐hexahydro‐4,6,6,7,8,8‐hexamethyl‐cyclopenta‐γ‐2‐benzopyran (HHCB) were systematically investigated. The investigation shows that their activities are closely related to the exposed dose and time of HHCB. For SOD and CAT, the activities increased monotonically with increased exposed dose of HHCB, which indicates a dose‐dependent change pattern. POD exhibited its peak activity in 0.0157 μg cm −2 HHCB treatment and decreased at higher concentrations. These two changing patterns were complementary, which reveals the cooperation of enzymes in response to oxidative stress. MDA content in earthworms was basically unaffected with a 1‐day exposure and significantly increased after 2‐day and 3‐day exposures, correlating with changes in the activities of SOD and CAT when the concentration of HHCB was high. It was also found that the sensitivity of Eisenia fetida to HHCB increased over time. These results may support the theoretical hypothesis that oxidative stress is an important component for the response of earthworms to the toxicity of HHCB in environment. Among the studied enzymes, SOD and CAT appeared to be the most responsive biomarkers of oxidative stress caused by HHCB. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2012.