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Effects of exposure to oxamyl, carbofuran, dichlorvos, and lindane on acetylcholinesterase activity in the gills of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas
Author(s) -
Anguiano Gerardo A.,
Amador Alejandro,
MorenoLegorreta Manuel,
ArcosOrtega Fabiola,
VazquezBoucard Celia
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
environmental toxicology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.813
H-Index - 77
eISSN - 1522-7278
pISSN - 1520-4081
DOI - 10.1002/tox.20491
Subject(s) - crassostrea , carbofuran , dichlorvos , oxamyl , lindane , acetylcholinesterase , gill , pacific oyster , toxicology , fishery , pesticide , shellfish , oyster , chemistry , biology , aquatic animal , ecology , fish <actinopterygii> , biochemistry , enzyme
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity has been used to test the exposure of mollusk bivalves to pesticides and other pollutants. The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas is a species with a worldwide distribution, and it has a high commercial value. The use of this species as a bioindicator in the marine environment, and the use of measurements of AChE activity in tissues of C. gigas require prior evaluation of organisms exposed to several toxic compounds in the laboratory. In our study, the effects of pesticides on AChE activity in the gills and mantle tissues of C. gigas were analyzed by exposing animals to organophosphate (dichlorvos), carbamate (carbofuran and oxamyl), and organochlorine (lindane) pesticides. Adult Pacific oysters were exposed to several concentrations (0.1–200 μM) of dichlorvos, carbofuran, and oxamyl for 96 h, and lindane (1.0 and 2.5 μM) was applied for 12 days. In gill tissues, all pesticides analyzed caused a decrease in AChE activity when compared to the control unexposed group. The mean inhibition concentration (IC 50 ) values were determined for dichlorvos, carbofuran, and oxamyl pesticides. Dichlorvos had the highest toxic effect, with an IC 50 of 1.08 μM; lesser effects were caused by oxamyl and carbofuran, with IC 50 s of 1.67 and 3.03 μM, respectively. This study reports the effects of pesticides with several chemical structures and validates measurement of AChE activity in the gill tissues of C. gigas for use in environmental evaluations or food quality tests. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 25: 327–332, 2010.