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In vitro cytotoxicities of ionic liquids: Effect of cation rings, functional groups, and anions
Author(s) -
Kumar R. Anand,
Papaïconomou Nicolas,
Lee JongMin,
Salminen Justin,
Clark Douglas S.,
Prausnitz John M.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
environmental toxicology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.813
H-Index - 77
eISSN - 1522-7278
pISSN - 1520-4081
DOI - 10.1002/tox.20443
Subject(s) - ionic liquid , pyridinium , bromide , chemistry , imide , alkyl , ionic bonding , side chain , ion , medicinal chemistry , inorganic chemistry , organic chemistry , polymer , catalysis
In vitro cytotoxicities were measured for ionic liquids (ILs) containing various cations and anions using the MCF7 human breast cancer cell line. We measured the cytotoxicities of ionic liquids containing the cations pyridinium, pyrrolidinium, piperidinium, or imidazolium with various alkyl chain lengths, and the anions bromide, bis(trifluoromethanesulfone)imide (Tf 2 N), trifluoromethylsulfonate (TfO), or nonafluoromethylsulfonate (NfO). Three new hydrophobic, task‐specific ionic liquids (TSILs), namely, [MBCNPip] + [Tf 2 N] − , [MPS 2 Pip] + [Tf 2 N] − , and [MPS 2 Pyrro] + [Tf 2 N] − designed for metal‐ion extraction were also evaluated. IC 50 values of the ionic liquids toward the MCF7 cells ranged from 8 μM to 44 mM. The toxicity depended significantly on the nature of the cations and anions, especially when the cations contained a long side chain. TSILs studied in this work were less toxic than the classical ILs. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2009.