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Comparative evaluation of genotoxicity of captan in amphibian larvae ( Xenopus laevis and Pleurodeles waltl ) using the comet assay and the micronucleus test
Author(s) -
Mouchet F.,
Gauthier L.,
Mailhes C.,
Ferrier V.,
Devaux A.
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
environmental toxicology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.813
H-Index - 77
eISSN - 1522-7278
pISSN - 1520-4081
DOI - 10.1002/tox.20180
Subject(s) - pleurodeles , captan , genotoxicity , micronucleus test , xenopus , toxicology , biology , comet assay , botany , toxicity , environmental chemistry , chemistry , amphibian , fungicide , dna damage , biochemistry , ecology , dna , organic chemistry , gene
Captan ( N ‐trichloromethylthio‐4‐cyclohexene‐1,2‐dicarboximide) is a fungicide used to inhibit the growth of many types of fungi on plants used as foodstuffs. The toxic and genotoxic potentials of captan were evaluated with the micronucleus test (MNT; AFNOR,2000) and the comet assay (CA) using amphibian larvae ( Xenopus laevis and Pleurodeles waltl ). Acute toxicity results showed that captan was toxic (1) to Xenopus larvae exposed to from 2 mg/L to 125 or 62.5 μg/L, depending on the nature of the water [reconstituted water containing mineral salts or mineral water (MW; Volvic®, Danone, France)] and (2) to Pleurodeles exposed to from 2 mg/L to 125 μg/L in both types of water. The MNT results obtained in MW showed that captan (62.5 μg/L) was genotoxic to Xenopus but not genotoxic to Pleurodeles at all concentrations tested. CA established that the genotoxicity of captan to Xenopus and Pleurodeles larvae depended on the concentration, the exposure times, and the comet parameters (tail DNA, TEM, OTM, and TL). The CA and MNT results were compared for their ability to detect DNA damage at the concentrations of captan and the exposure times applied. CA showed captan to be genotoxic from the first day of exposure. In amphibians, CA appears to be a sensitive and suitable method for detecting genotoxicity such as that caused by captan. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 21: 264–277, 2006