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The use of the consumer ethnocentrism and consumer animosity scales in Iran: A research note
Author(s) -
Bahaee Mahmood,
Pisani Michael J.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
thunderbird international business review
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.553
H-Index - 37
eISSN - 1520-6874
pISSN - 1096-4762
DOI - 10.1002/tie.20254
Subject(s) - consumer ethnocentrism , ethnocentrism , context (archaeology) , scale (ratio) , reliability (semiconductor) , advertising , construct (python library) , marketing , test (biology) , consumer behaviour , social psychology , psychology , business , computer science , geography , power (physics) , paleontology , physics , cartography , archaeology , quantum mechanics , biology , programming language
This research note presents the results of testing the reliability of two constructs from the country‐of‐origin literature—consumer ethnocentrism and consumer animosity—within the Iranian national consumer environment. Consumer ethnocentrism, developed by Shimp and Sharma (1987), measures the level of consumer ethnocentrism and has been used broadly in several countries. The consumer animosity scale (Klein, Ettenson, & Morris, 1998), a newer construct, has not been widely tested for its reliability in diverse national contexts. The country of Iran, with its ongoing dispute and hostility with the United States, provides an ideal context to test both of these constructs. We utilized the original animosity scale and an adapted version of the ethnocentrism scale. Both scales performed well and provide strong support for the reliability of each construct, allowing other researchers a high degree of confidence in their application. This finding suggests that these research tools may be useful and can be expanded to the greater Middle East region. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.