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Nanoparticulate mineralized collagen glycosaminoglycan materials directly and indirectly inhibit osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast activation
Author(s) -
Ren Xiaoyan,
Zhou Qi,
Foulad David,
Dewey Marley J.,
Bischoff David,
Miller Timothy A.,
Yamaguchi Dean T.,
Harley Brendan A.C.,
Lee Justine C.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.835
H-Index - 72
eISSN - 1932-7005
pISSN - 1932-6254
DOI - 10.1002/term.2834
Subject(s) - microbiology and biotechnology , chemistry , osteoclast , glycosaminoglycan , osteoprotegerin , bone resorption , extracellular matrix , mesenchymal stem cell , resorption , phosphorylation , signal transduction , biochemistry , biology , endocrinology , in vitro , receptor , activator (genetics)
The ability of the extracellular matrix (ECM) to direct cell fate has generated the potential for developing a materials‐only strategy for tissue regeneration. Previously, we described a nanoparticulate mineralized collagen glycosaminoglycan (MC‐GAG) material that efficiently induced osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and calvarial bone healing without exogenous growth factors or progenitor cell expansion. In this work, we evaluated the interactions between MC‐GAG and primary human osteoclasts (hOCs). In the absence of hMSCs, mineralized Col‐GAG materials directly inhibited hOC viability, proliferation, and resorption in contrast to nonmineralized Col‐GAG, which demonstrated a modest inhibition of resorptive activity only. Cocultures containing differentiating hMSCs with hOCs demonstrated increased hOC‐mediated resorption only on Col‐GAG while MC‐GAG cocultures continued to inhibit resorption. Unlike Col‐GAG, hMSCs on MC‐GAG expressed increased amounts of osteoprotegerin (OPG) protein, the major endogenous osteoclast inhibitor. Interestingly, OPG expression was found to be antagonized by small mothers against decapentaplegic1/5 (Smad1/5) phosphorylation, an obligate pathway for osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs on MC‐GAG, and potentiated by extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK1/2) phosphorylation. Collectively, these results suggested that the MC‐GAG material both directly inhibited the osteoclast viability, proliferation, and resorptive activity as well as induced hMSCs to secrete osteoprotegerin, an antiosteoclastogenic factor, via a signalling pathway distinct from osteogenic differentiation.