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New alginate–pullulan–bioactive glass composites with copper oxide for bone tissue regeneration trials
Author(s) -
Popescu Radu A.,
Magyari Klara,
Taulescu Marian,
Vulpoi Adriana,
Berce Cristian,
Bogdan Sidonia,
Lelescu Cristina,
Dreancă Alexandra,
Tudoran Oana,
Papuc Ionel,
Baia Lucian
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.835
H-Index - 72
eISSN - 1932-7005
pISSN - 1932-6254
DOI - 10.1002/term.2746
Subject(s) - biocompatibility , pullulan , simulated body fluid , materials science , scanning electron microscope , in vivo , bioactive glass , composite material , apatite , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , ceramic , biomedical engineering , chemical engineering , chemistry , mineralogy , polysaccharide , metallurgy , organic chemistry , medicine , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , engineering
Composites based on sodium alginate, pullulan, and bioactive SiO 2 ‐CaO‐P 2 O 5 glass‐ceramics with copper oxide were prepared as capsules. The obtained samples were structurally characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and their bioactivity and biocompatibility properties were also tested both in vitro and in vivo by XRD, FT‐IR, SEM, and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy. The fibroblast and osteoblast cell viability assays have shown good proliferation rates for all investigated samples, whereas all composites exhibited a good in vivo tolerance. The recovered composites after 5 weeks' in vivo and in vitro trials evidenced clear macroscopic alterations; particularly, after soaking in simulated body fluid, they have a corn flake aspect, and after their in vivo inoculation, a globular shape is retained. Different crystalline shapes of hydroxyapatite were formed after in vitro and in vivo trials for the glass‐ceramic–polymer composites, the in vitro precipitated apatite was found to be nodular, and the in vivo experiment led to needlelike crystallites formation. Histopathological results showed a good biocompatibility with no significant signs of rejection by the host tissue. These assessments performed on the composites indicate that the studied materials can be considered without any doubt suitable candidates for future bone regeneration applications.