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Enzymatically biomineralized chitosan scaffolds for tissue‐engineering applications
Author(s) -
Dash Mamoni,
Samal Sangram K.,
Douglas Timothy E. L.,
Schaubroeck David,
Leeuwenburgh Sander C.,
Van Der Voort Pascal,
Declercq Heidi A.,
Dubruel Peter
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.835
H-Index - 72
eISSN - 1932-7005
pISSN - 1932-6254
DOI - 10.1002/term.2048
Subject(s) - chitosan , chemistry , mineralization (soil science) , apatite , biomineralization , alkaline phosphatase , tissue engineering , scaffold , homogeneous , chemical engineering , biomedical engineering , biochemistry , enzyme , mineralogy , organic chemistry , medicine , physics , nitrogen , engineering , thermodynamics
Abstract Porous biodegradable scaffolds represent promising candidates for tissue‐engineering applications because of their capability to be preseeded with cells. We report an uncrosslinked chitosan scaffold designed with the aim of inducing and supporting enzyme‐mediated formation of apatite minerals in the absence of osteogenic growth factors. To realize this, natural enzyme alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was incorporated into uncrosslinked chitosan scaffolds. The uncrosslinked chitosan makes available amine and alcohol functionalities to enhance the biomineralization process. The physicochemical findings revealed homogeneous mineralization, with the phase structure of the formed minerals resembling that of apatite at low mineral concentrations, and similar to dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) with increasing ALP content. The MC3T3 cell activity clearly showed that the mineralization of the chitosan scaffolds was effective in improving cellular adhesion, proliferation and colonization. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.