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Three‐dimensional co‐culture of C2C12/PC12 cells improves skeletal muscle tissue formation and function
Author(s) -
Ostrovidov Serge,
Ahadian Samad,
RamonAzcon Javier,
Hosseini Vahid,
Fujie Toshinori,
Parthiban S. Prakash,
Shiku Hitoshi,
Matsue Tomokazu,
Kaji Hirokazu,
Ramalingam Murugan,
Bae Hojae,
Khademhosseini Ali
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.835
H-Index - 72
eISSN - 1932-7005
pISSN - 1932-6254
DOI - 10.1002/term.1956
Subject(s) - c2c12 , myocyte , myogenin , microbiology and biotechnology , myogenesis , chemistry , muscle tissue , skeletal muscle , tissue engineering , biology , anatomy , genetics
Engineered muscle tissues demonstrate properties far from native muscle tissue. Therefore, fabrication of muscle tissues with enhanced functionalities is required to enable their use in various applications. To improve the formation of mature muscle tissues with higher functionalities, we co‐cultured C2C12 myoblasts and PC12 neural cells. While alignment of the myoblasts was obtained by culturing the cells in micropatterned methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) hydrogels, we studied the effects of the neural cells (PC12) on the formation and maturation of muscle tissues. Myoblasts cultured in the presence of neural cells showed improved differentiation, with enhanced myotube formation. Myotube alignment, length and coverage area were increased. In addition, the mRNA expression of muscle differentiation markers (Myf‐5, myogenin, Mefc2, MLP), muscle maturation markers (MHC‐IId/x, MHC‐IIa, MHC‐IIb, MHC‐pn, α ‐actinin, sarcomeric actinin) and the neuromuscular markers (AChE, AChR‐ ε ) were also upregulated. All these observations were amplified after further muscle tissue maturation under electrical stimulation. Our data suggest a synergistic effect on the C2C12 differentiation induced by PC12 cells, which could be useful for creating improved muscle tissue. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.