Optical coherence tomography for tissue classification of the larynx in an outpatient setting‐a translational challenge on the verge of a resolution?

The detection and tissue classification of mucosal lesions of the upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) is crucial for the development of a treatment plan. Using modern endoscopic examination techniques mucosal changes can be detected early on in an office‐based setting. However, the further classification of these lesions requires a surgical procedure with a biopsy taken under general anesthesia. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive, light‐based optical tool which can provide high‐resolution cross‐sectional images of tissue at near microscopic resolution. Applying it through a single mode optical fiber allows endoscopic approaches. Routine endoscopic assessment and a thin epithelial layer makes the larynx the perfect organ for implementing OCT into the clinical endoscopic routine. This review is focused on summarizing previous and ongoing translational applications of OCT imaging for tissue classification in the UADT focusing on the larynx, discussing limitations and benefits and offering an outlook on possible future applications.