Open AccessHighly Purified Human Extracellular Vesicles Produced by Stem Cells Alleviate Aging Cellular Phenotypes of Senescent Human Cells
Author(s) -
Liu Senquan,
Mahairaki Vasiliki,
Bai Hao,
Ding Zheng,
Li Jiaxin,
Witwer Kenneth W.,
Cheng Linzhao
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
stem cells
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.159
H-Index - 229
eISSN - 1549-4918
pISSN - 1066-5099
DOI - 10.1002/stem.2996
Subject(s) - microvesicles , induced pluripotent stem cell , microbiology and biotechnology , mesenchymal stem cell , biology , stem cell , intracellular , phenotype , extracellular , regeneration (biology) , biochemistry , microrna , embryonic stem cell , gene
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, mediate intercellular communications and exert various biological activities via delivering unique cargos of functional molecules such as RNAs and proteins to recipient cells. Previous studies showed that EVs produced and secreted by human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can substitute intact MSCs for tissue repair and regeneration. In this study, we examined properties and functions of EVs from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) that can be cultured infinitely under a chemically defined medium free of any exogenous EVs. We collected and purified EVs secreted by human iPSCs and MSCs. Purified EVs produced by both stem cell types have similar sizes (∼150 nm in diameter), but human iPSCs produced 16‐fold more EVs than MSCs. When highly purified iPSC‐EVs were applied in culture to senescent MSCs that have elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS), human iPSC‐EVs reduced cellular ROS levels and alleviated aging phenotypes of senescent MSCs. Our discovery reveals that EVs from human stem cells can alleviate cellular aging in culture, at least in part by delivering intracellular peroxiredoxin antioxidant enzymes. Stem Cells 2019;37:779–790