Open AccessConcise Review: MSC Adhesion Cascade—Insights into Homing and Transendothelial Migration
Author(s) -
Nitzsche Franziska,
Müller Claudia,
Lukomska Barbara,
Jolkkonen Jukka,
Deten Alexander,
Boltze Johannes
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
stem cells
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.159
H-Index - 229
eISSN - 1549-4918
pISSN - 1066-5099
DOI - 10.1002/stem.2614
Subject(s) - extravasation , homing (biology) , biology , leukocyte extravasation , mesenchymal stem cell , transplantation , lesion , in vivo , blood stream , stem cell , microbiology and biotechnology , cell adhesion molecule , immunology , neuroscience , pathology , medicine , surgery , ecology
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising candidates for adult cell therapies in regenerative medicine. To fully exert their potential, efficient homing and migration toward lesion sites play an important role. Local transplantation deposits MSC in spatial proximity to the lesion, but often requires invasive procedures. Systemic administration routes are favored, but require the targeted extravasation of the circulating MSC at the site of injury. Transplanted MSC can indeed leave the blood flow and transmigrate through the endothelial barrier, and reach the lesion site. However, the underlying processes are not completely dissolved yet. Recent in vitro and in vivo research identified some key molecules scattered light on the extravasation mechanism. This review provides a detailed overview over the current knowledge of MSC transendothelial migration. We use the leukocyte extravasation process as a role model to build a comprehensive concept of MSC egress mechanisms from the blood stream and identified relevant similarities as well as important differences between the extravasation mechanisms. S tem C ells 2017;35:1446–1460