Open AccessConcise Review: Adipose‐Derived Stem Cells as a Novel Tool for Future Regenerative Medicine
Author(s) -
Mizuno Hiroshi,
Tobita Morikuni,
Uysal A. Cagri
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
stem cells
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.159
H-Index - 229
eISSN - 1549-4918
pISSN - 1066-5099
DOI - 10.1002/stem.1076
Subject(s) - regenerative medicine , stem cell , biology , embryonic stem cell , induced pluripotent stem cell , adipose tissue , regeneration (biology) , mesenchymal stem cell , adult stem cell , microbiology and biotechnology , bioinformatics , genetics , endocrinology , gene
The potential use of stem cell‐based therapies for the repair and regeneration of various tissues and organs offers a paradigm shift that may provide alternative therapeutic solutions for a number of diseases. The use of either embryonic stem cells (ESCs) or induced pluripotent stem cells in clinical situations is limited due to cell regulations and to technical and ethical considerations involved in the genetic manipulation of human ESCs, even though these cells are, theoretically, highly beneficial. Mesenchymal stem cells seem to be an ideal population of stem cells for practical regenerative medicine, because they are not subjected to the same restrictions. In particular, large number of adipose‐derived stem cells (ASCs) can be easily harvested from adipose tissue. Furthermore, recent basic research and preclinical studies have revealed that the use of ASCs in regenerative medicine is not limited to mesodermal tissue but extends to both ectodermal and endodermal tissues and organs, although ASCs originate from mesodermal lineages. Based on this background knowledge, the primary purpose of this concise review is to summarize and describe the underlying biology of ASCs and their proliferation and differentiation capacities, together with current preclinical and clinical data from a variety of medical fields regarding the use of ASCs in regenerative medicine. In addition, future directions for ASCs in terms of cell‐based therapies and regenerative medicine are discussed. S TEM C ELLS 2012;30:804–810