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Cellulose‐Reinforced Starch Biocomposite: Optimization of the Effects of Filler and Various Plasticizers using Design–Expert Method
Author(s) -
Shahmaleki Mostafa,
Beigmohammadi Faranak,
Movahedi Farnaz
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
starch ‐ stärke
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.62
H-Index - 82
eISSN - 1521-379X
pISSN - 0038-9056
DOI - 10.1002/star.202000028
Subject(s) - biocomposite , materials science , starch , cellulose , plasticizer , composite material , thermoplastic , glycerol , sorbitol , ultimate tensile strength , dynamic mechanical analysis , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , chemical engineering , composite number , polymer , chemistry , organic chemistry , engineering
In this study, the effect of cellulose as a reinforcement agent and different ratio of glycerol/sorbitol as plasticizers to improve properties in starch biocomposite are optimized with Design–Expert method for the first time. Thermoplastic starch granule is produced with plasticized and cellulose‐reinforced starch by a twin extruder. After conditioning, the starch granule, is molded into sheet using a hot press with thick plates. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis show that cellulose increases the glass transition temperature to 120 °C. Optimum point of the starch composite obtained by Design–Expert software 7.1.5, is run with 5 wt% cellulose, 17.5 wt% glycerol and 17.5wt% sorbitol that has water vapor permeability value equally of 7.81E‐10g s −1 m −1 Pa −1 , tensile strength of 0.85 MPa, Young´s modulus equally of 377.65 MPa, and elongation at break of 7.08%. Field emission scanning electron microscopy of the optimized biocomposite shows uniform distribution of cellulose in the matrix. Hydroxyl stretching vibrations at 3286 cm −1 is a result of new hydrogen bonding between cellulose and starch molecules and peaks at 3366 and 1702 cm −1 are attributed to glycerol and sorbitol, respectively in the Fourier transform infrared spectra.