Premium
Native and Modified Digitaria exilis Starch Nanoparticles as a Carrier System for the Controlled Release of Naproxen
Author(s) -
Odeniyi Michael A.,
Adepoju Adewale O.,
Jaiyeoba Kolawole T.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
starch ‐ stärke
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.62
H-Index - 82
eISSN - 1521-379X
pISSN - 0038-9056
DOI - 10.1002/star.201900067
Subject(s) - starch , crystallinity , chemistry , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , nuclear chemistry , naproxen , hydrolysis , controlled release , acid hydrolysis , chemical engineering , nanocrystal , polymer , drug carrier , modified starch , drug delivery , polymer chemistry , organic chemistry , crystallography , medicine , alternative medicine , pathology , engineering
Acha ( Digitaria exilis ) starches are investigated as nanocrystal carriers for the controlled release of naproxen. Starch nanocrystals (SNC) are prepared by acid hydrolysis using H 2 SO 4 and the modified form (carboxymethylated SNC) is obtained by reaction of the SNC with monochloroacetic acid and sodium hydroxide. Physicochemical properties, degree of substitution, SEM and FTIR analyses, loading and release studies including in vitro release kinetics of the drug‐loaded starch nanocrystals are determined. FTIR analysis confirms the introduction of the hydrophilic carboxylate functional group into the starch molecule of the modified starches with strong peaks in the region 1300–1650 cm −1 . SEM images reveal the disruption of the granular structure of the starch particles due to hydrolysis conferring crystallinity on the granules. The drug release kinetics of all the starch polymers follow the Korsemeyer–Peppas model indicating that the drug release was by non‐Fickian diffusion. The native starch, starch nanocrystals, and carboxymethylated nanocrystal forms have drug loading content that are above 50% and loading efficiency above 75% and produce a steady and sustained release of naproxen. The release studies of native Acha starch and the modified SNC show that their formulations can function as carriers/polymers that can achieve sustained and/or delayed drug release of poorly soluble drugs.