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The Use of the LSHR Sampler to Determine Total Oxygen Contents in the Ladle and Tundish for Different Steel Grades
Author(s) -
Hansén Thorbjörn,
Runnsjö Gunilla,
Sundqvist Olle,
Jönsson Pär
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
steel research international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.603
H-Index - 49
eISSN - 1869-344X
pISSN - 1611-3683
DOI - 10.1002/srin.200606429
Subject(s) - tundish , ladle , metallurgy , materials science , steelmaking , inert gas , volume (thermodynamics) , continuous casting , composite material , physics , quantum mechanics
The LSHR sampler is a new development for providing a sample volume large enough to study semi‐macro and macro inclusions in clean steel. During the development of the LSHR sampler it was found that the pin where the steel enters the sampler can be used for the determination of the total oxygen content. Therefore, samples were taken at several different steel plants both in the ladle and the tundish as well as for the following five different steel grades: bearing steel, stainless steel 304L and 316L, DWI steel and ULC steel. The general conclusion regarding the sampling is that it was successful for all conditions and steel grades studied. The sample pins were examined for total oxygen content using both the inert‐gas‐fusion method and the fractional‐gas‐analysis method. Thereafter, the standard deviations with respect to the total oxygen data were used as a measure of the samples reliability. The general conclusion regarding the total oxygen determinations is that they were accurate for the five steel grades studied and the conditions under which the sampling took place.