Premium
Analysis of stress and strain fields in upset forged forgings
Author(s) -
Malinowski Zbigniew,
Szyndler Robert
Publication year - 1988
Publication title -
steel research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1869-344X
pISSN - 0177-4832
DOI - 10.1002/srin.198801615
Subject(s) - upset , die (integrated circuit) , forging , deformation (meteorology) , stress (linguistics) , materials science , ultimate tensile strength , composite material , free surface , metallurgy , thermodynamics , physics , mechanical engineering , engineering , philosophy , nanotechnology , linguistics
Theoretical investigation of influence of degree of deformation, slenderness ratio of a billet and shape of anvils upon distribution of stress and strain in upset forged material are presented in this paper. The deformation of a material was determined by the variational method and the stress field was determined from equations of equilibrium. Results of calculations indicate that formation of tensile stress in layers of a material at the free surface is connected with surface convexity. Factors which cause the increase of barrelling are also responsible for an increase of tensile stresses at the free surface of upset forged material.