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R oveacrinida ( C rinoidea, A rticulata) from the S antonian– M aastrichtian ( U pper C retaceous) of E ngland, the US G ulf C oast ( T exas, M ississippi) and southern S weden
Author(s) -
Gale Andrew Scott
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
papers in palaeontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.827
H-Index - 15
ISSN - 2056-2802
DOI - 10.1002/spp2.1050
Subject(s) - subfamily , biology , genus , type (biology) , type species , zoology , ecology , biochemistry , gene
Abundant new material of R oveacrinida from the upper S antonian and lower C ampanian chalk of southern E ngland, the lower C ampanian T aylor F ormation of T exas, the M aastrichtian P rairie B luff F ormation of M ississippi and the lower C ampanian rocky shoreline deposits of I vö K lack, southern S weden is described. The S accocomidae, subfamily S accocominae, are represented by C ostatocrinus gen. nov., with included species C . brydonei sp. nov. (type species) and C . mortimorei sp. nov. The S accocomidae, subfamily A pplinocrininae, genus A pplinocrinus , includes A . cretaceus ( B ather), A . texanus Peck and A . russelli sp. nov. S agittacrinus gen. nov. (type species: S . torpedo sp. nov.) is represented only by highly distinctive primibrachials. The ‘ventral cover plates’ of A pplinocrininae are re‐interpreted as modified brachials. R oveacrinidae ( R oveacrininae) is represented by R oveacrinus communis D ouglas, R . bairstowi Peck and J akeocrinus gen. nov. (type species: J . ellisensis sp. nov.). A new subfamily, H essicrininae, characterized particularly by skeletal reduction through the development of fenestrae and foramina, and many with long processes from radials and basals, is established for P latelicrinus D estombes & B reton, L ucernacrinus gen. nov. (type species: L . woodi sp. nov.), H essicrinus gen. nov. (type species: H . filigree sp. nov.; also H . scalaensis sp. nov.), S tellacrinus gen. nov. (type species: S . hugesae sp. nov.; and forma cristatus nov.), S . pannosus sp. nov., and the aberrant C ultellacrinus gen. nov. , which lacks arms (type species: C . gladius sp. nov.). The S antonian– M aastrichtian roveacrinids represent a fourth and final radiation of the family. Cladistic analysis of the H essicrininae subfam. nov. supports the monophyly of the subfamily, and indicates that the most derived taxa are S tellacrinus gen. nov. and C ultellacrinus gen. nov. From adaptive morphological data, patterns of distribution and palaeoenvironmental information, it is concluded that these crinoids lived as mesoplankton. The short ranges and wide geographical distribution offer considerable biostratigraphical potential.