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Enhanced Charge Transport and Interface Passivation in Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells Using Sulfur‐Doped Graphite Carbon Nitride‐Modified SnO 2 ‐Based Electron Transport Layers
Author(s) -
Cao Wei,
Zhang Jian,
Lin Kaifeng,
Qiu Lele,
Li Junzhuo,
Dong Yayu,
Wang Jiaqi,
Xia Debin,
Fan Ruiqing,
Yang Yulin
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
solar rrl
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.544
H-Index - 37
ISSN - 2367-198X
DOI - 10.1002/solr.202100058
Subject(s) - passivation , materials science , perovskite (structure) , doping , charge carrier , nitride , tin oxide , energy conversion efficiency , conductivity , electron mobility , layer (electronics) , optoelectronics , chemical engineering , nanotechnology , chemistry , engineering
High‐quality electron transport layer (ETL) is beneficial to improve the charge extraction and transport, which determines the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the unbalanced charge extraction and interface problems commonly occur in the tin oxide (SnO 2 ) ETL. Herein, the sulfur‐doped graphite carbon nitride (CNS) nanosheets are prepared and utilized for modifying the SnO 2 ETL to fabricate high‐performance PSCs. The CNS‐modified SnO 2 ETL exhibits enhanced electron mobility and conductivity, and matched energy level with perovskite, which promotes the extraction and transport of charge carriers at the interface, and balances charge extraction with the hole transport layer. In addition, interfacial carrier recombination is significantly reduced through effective interface passivation of sulfur atoms in CNS with the undercoordinated lead ions in perovskite films. Meanwhile, the introduction of an interfacial control material CNS also contributes to improve the crystalline quality of perovskite films with increasing grain size and light absorption intensity. As a consequence, an outstanding improvement in power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 18.98% to 20.33% is achieved after introducing CNS into the SnO 2 ETL, as well as an enhancement in stability against humidity, retaining near 90% of the initial PCE after aging in the ambient atmosphere for 30 days.