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Additive Engineering toward High‐Performance Tin Perovskite Solar Cells
Author(s) -
Wu Tianhao,
Cui Danyu,
Liu Xiao,
Luo Xinhui,
Su Hongzhen,
Segawa Hiroshi,
Zhang Yiqiang,
Wang Yanbo,
Han Liyuan
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
solar rrl
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.544
H-Index - 37
ISSN - 2367-198X
DOI - 10.1002/solr.202100034
Subject(s) - tin , perovskite (structure) , materials science , halide , energy conversion efficiency , band gap , nanotechnology , photovoltaic system , engineering physics , chemical engineering , optoelectronics , inorganic chemistry , metallurgy , chemistry , electrical engineering , engineering
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as one of the third‐generation photovoltaic technologies. However, the toxicity issue of the lead element in perovskite absorbers hinders their large‐scale production. Thus, exploiting lead‐free perovskite materials becomes an important solution to overcome this challenge. Among all the candidates, tin perovskites have advanced rapidly in recent years due to their low toxicity, favorable bandgap, and high carrier mobility. After a few years of development, the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of tin PSCs has exceeded 13%, which is mainly attributed to the breakthroughs arising from additive engineering of the Sn perovskite layer. Herein, the role of additive engineering in the research community of tin PSCs is emphasized. First, the crystal structure, electronic characteristics, and the chemical instability of Sn perovskites are introduced. Next, additives used for stabilizing the Sn 2+ components, purifying SnI 2 sources, and improving the crystal quality of perovskite films are discussed in detail. Finally, challenges and perspectives are laid out to advance the properties of tin halide perovskites for further improving the device efficiency and stability.