Premium
Dimethylammonium: An A‐Site Cation for Modifying CsPbI 3
Author(s) -
Marshall Ashley R.,
Sansom Harry C.,
McCarthy Melissa M.,
Warby Jonathan H.,
Ashton Olivia J.,
Wenger Bernard,
Snaith Henry J.
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
solar rrl
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.544
H-Index - 37
ISSN - 2367-198X
DOI - 10.1002/solr.202000599
Subject(s) - perovskite (structure) , iodide , metastability , phase (matter) , thermal stability , aqueous solution , materials science , annealing (glass) , moisture , chemical engineering , chemistry , crystallography , inorganic chemistry , mineralogy , organic chemistry , metallurgy , composite material , engineering
All‐inorganic perovskite materials are attractive alternatives to organic–inorganic perovskites because of their potential for higher thermal stability. Although CsPbI 3 is compositionally stable under elevated temperatures, the cubic perovskite α‐phase is thermodynamically stable only at >330 °C and the low‐temperature perovskite γ‐phase is metastable and highly susceptible to non‐perovskite δ‐phase conversion in moisture. Many methods have been reported which show that the incorporation of acid (aqueous HI) or “HPbI 3 ”—recently shown to be dimethylammonium lead iodide (DMAPbI 3 ) —lowers the annealing temperature required to produce the black, perovskite phase of CsPbI 3 . Herein, the optical and crystallographic data presented show that dimethylammonium (DMA) can successfully incorporate as an A‐site cation to replace Cs in the CsPbI 3 perovskite material. This describes the stabilization and lower phase transition temperature reported in the literature when HI or HPbI 3 is used as precursors for CsPbI 3 . The Cs–DMA alloy only forms a pure‐phase material up to ≈25% DMA; at higher concentrations, the CsPbI 3 and DMAPbI 3 begin to phase segregate. These alloyed materials are more stable to moisture than neat CsPbI 3 , but do not represent a fully inorganic perovskite material.