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Perovskite Solar Cells Using Surface‐Modified NiO x Nanoparticles as Hole Transport Materials in n‐i‐p Configuration
Author(s) -
Kaneko Ryuji,
Kanda Hiroyuki,
Sugawa Kosuke,
Otsuki Joe,
Islam Ashraful,
Nazeeruddin Mohammad Khaja
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
solar rrl
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.544
H-Index - 37
ISSN - 2367-198X
DOI - 10.1002/solr.201900172
Subject(s) - non blocking i/o , materials science , chlorobenzene , nanoparticle , chemical engineering , perovskite (structure) , dopant , layer (electronics) , energy conversion efficiency , nanotechnology , doping , organic chemistry , optoelectronics , chemistry , catalysis , engineering
Modified NiO x nanoparticles (NPs) developed via surface engineering are applied to a hole transport layer (HTL) in n‐i‐p‐structured perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Hexanoic acid (HA) as a surfactant improves the dispersibility of NiO x NPs in chlorobenzene (CB). The conductivity of the NiO x ‐HA film is 1.20 × 10 − 5 S cm − 1, which is superior to that of 2,2′,7,7′‐tetrakis( N,N ‐di‐ p ‐methoxyphenyl‐amine)‐9,9′‐spirobifluorene (spiro‐OMeTAD) with dopants. The NiO x ‐HA film shows better hole extraction properties compared with the pristine NiO x film. The NiO x ‐HA NPs form closely packed and pinhole‐free films, leading to improved device performance with a power conversion efficiency from 5.5% to 13.1%.