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Effects of Ammonia‐Induced Surface Modification of Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 on High‐Efficiency Zn(O,S)‐Based Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 Solar Cells
Author(s) -
Li Jianmin,
Ma Yaping,
Chen Guilin,
Gong Junbo,
Wang Xiaomin,
Kong Yifan,
Ma Xuhang,
Wang Kedong,
Li Weimin,
Yang Chunlei,
Xiao Xudong
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
solar rrl
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.544
H-Index - 37
ISSN - 2367-198X
DOI - 10.1002/solr.201800254
Subject(s) - copper indium gallium selenide solar cells , microstructure , materials science , ammonia , etching (microfabrication) , thin film , solar cell , thin film solar cell , energy conversion efficiency , chemical engineering , optoelectronics , nanotechnology , chemistry , metallurgy , layer (electronics) , organic chemistry , engineering
Post‐treatment of Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 (CIGS) surfaces, as an efficient way to improve the performance of CIGS solar cells, has received increasing attention in recent years. To alleviate the limitations of the as‐grown CIGS thin films, such as oxidation, Na accumulation, and microstructure of CIGS surface, ammonia (NH 3 ) etching solution was introduced to post‐treat the CIGS surface to improve its quality in this study. To investigate the mechanisms of NH 3 etching effects on the CIGS surfaces and the resulted devices, a series of NH 3 solution treatments, of different concentrations, on CIGS films is carried out and the resulted surfaces and devices are carefully examined. It is demonstrated that proper concentration of NH 3 solution could not only result in a new microstructure between CIGS and Zn(O,S) thin films but also improve the performance of the Zn(O,S) based CIGS solar cells, especially in terms of the device fill factor. As a result, a Zn(O, S) based CIGS solar cell with a conversion efficiency of over 20% is obtained with application of NH 3 treatment together with MgF 2 anti‐reflective coating. Furthermore, it is found that NH 3 treatment could effectively reduce the undesired light soaking effect, which often appears in the Zn(O,S) based CIGS solar cells.