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Intermixing Effect on Electronic Structures of TQ1:PC 71 BM Bulk Heterojunction in Organic Photovoltaics
Author(s) -
Bao Qinye,
Liu Xianjie,
Braun Slawomir,
Li Yanqing,
Tang Jianxin,
Duan Chungang,
Fahlman Mats
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
solar rrl
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.544
H-Index - 37
ISSN - 2367-198X
DOI - 10.1002/solr.201700142
Subject(s) - organic solar cell , photovoltaics , materials science , heterojunction , polymer solar cell , work function , acceptor , quinoxaline , chemistry , optoelectronics , solar cell , nanotechnology , polymer , organic chemistry , photovoltaic system , physics , condensed matter physics , ecology , composite material , layer (electronics) , biology
The interface energetics and intermixing effects of the donor/acceptor bulk heterojunction (BHJ) blends of poly[2,3‐bis‐(3‐octyloxyphenyl) quinoxaline‐5, 8‐dilyl‐alt‐thiophene‐2, 5‐diyl]: [6,6]‐phenyl C71butyric acid methyl ester (TQ1:PC 71 BM) have been investigated using ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy (UPS) in combination with the integer charge transfer model. The TQ1:PC 71 BM represents the useful model system for BHJ organic photovoltaics featuring effective charge generation and transport. It finds out that the positive integer charge state of TQ1 are equal in energy to the negative integer charge state of PC 71 BM, leading to a negligible potential step at TQ1:PC 71 BM interface and thus the vacuum level alignment. It is observed that the TQ1 accumulates on the top of TQ1:PC 71 BM BHJ and UPS spectra as function of various blend ratios suggest that the TQ1 mixes finely with PC 71 BM with the little work function modification in a wide range. In addition, no significant influence of the long‐range Coulomb interactions or the intermolecular hybridization on the occupied electronic structures is present for the well‐intermixed TQ1:PC 71 BM BHJs. These findings provide deep insights into the properties of BHJ blends and are beneficial for the performance optimization in organic photovoltaics.