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Cycling Rate‐Induced Spatially‐Resolved Heterogeneities in Commercial Cylindrical Li‐Ion Batteries
Author(s) -
Vamvakeros Antonis,
Matras Dorota,
Ashton Thomas E.,
Coelho Alan A.,
Dong Hongyang,
Bauer Dustin,
Odarchenko Yaroslav,
Price Stephen W. T.,
Butler Keith T.,
Gutowski Olof,
Dippel AnnChristin,
Zimmerman Martin von,
Darr Jawwad A.,
Jacques Simon D. M.,
Beale Andrew M.
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
small methods
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 4.66
H-Index - 46
ISSN - 2366-9608
DOI - 10.1002/smtd.202100512
Subject(s) - synchrotron , ion , cathode , materials science , electrode , battery (electricity) , diffraction , lattice constant , lattice (music) , anode , cycling , optics , chemistry , physics , thermodynamics , history , power (physics) , organic chemistry , archaeology , acoustics
Synchrotron high‐energy X‐ray diffraction computed tomography has been employed to investigate, for the first time, commercial cylindrical Li‐ion batteries electrochemically cycled over the two cycling rates of C/2 and C/20. This technique yields maps of the crystalline components and chemical species as a cross‐section of the cell with high spatiotemporal resolution (550 × 550 images with 20 × 20 × 3 µ m 3 voxel size in ca. 1 h). The recently developed Direct Least‐Squares Reconstruction algorithm is used to overcome the well‐known parallax problem and led to accurate lattice parameter maps for the device cathode. Chemical heterogeneities are revealed at both electrodes and are attributed to uneven Li and current distributions in the cells. It is shown that this technique has the potential to become an invaluable diagnostic tool for real‐world commercial batteries and for their characterization under operating conditions, leading to unique insights into “real” battery degradation mechanisms as they occur.