Open AccessRecent Advances in Nonprecious Metal Oxide Electrocatalysts and Photocatalysts for N 2 Reduction Reaction under Ambient Condition
Author(s) -
Xu Tong,
Liang Jie,
Li Shaoxiong,
Xu Zhaoquan,
Yue Luchao,
Li Tingshuai,
Luo Yonglan,
Liu Qian,
Shi Xifeng,
Asiri Abdullah M.,
Yang Chun,
Sun Xuping
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
small science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2688-4046
DOI - 10.1002/smsc.202000069
Subject(s) - heteroatom , greenhouse gas , photocatalysis , oxide , materials science , fossil fuel , nanotechnology , catalysis , carbon fibers , chemistry , metallurgy , organic chemistry , ring (chemistry) , ecology , composite number , composite material , biology
NH 3 plays an indispensable role in agriculture, fertilizer production as well as in the chemical industry. However, its large‐scale production still relies deeply on the century‐old Haber–Bosch process under high temperature and pressure along with greenhouse gas emission and fossil fuel consumption. The electrocatalytic and photocatalytic N 2 reduction reactions (NRRs) for NH 3 production are favorable approaches to avoid these issues because they are carbon‐neutral and energy‐saving. Recently, the nonprecious metal oxides (NPMO) have gathered the most attention due to their ease of synthesis, controllable stability, lower cost, and environmental friendliness. Herein, the recent advances in NPMO electrocatalysts and photocatalysts for the NRR are narrated and the strategies to improve the poor NRR activity of pristine NPMOs by heteroatom doping to engineer their surface‐active sites and introduction of oxygen vacancies are highlighted. A brief summary of and the future perspective on this research field are also presented.