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Polarization‐ and Electrode‐Optimized Polyvinylidene Fluoride Films for Harsh Environmental Piezoelectric Nanogenerator Applications
Author(s) -
Jin Da Woon,
Ko Young Joon,
Ahn Chang Won,
Hur Sunghoon,
Lee Tae Kwon,
Jeong Dong Geun,
Lee Minbaek,
Kang ChongYun,
Jung Jong Hoon
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
small
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.785
H-Index - 236
eISSN - 1613-6829
pISSN - 1613-6810
DOI - 10.1002/smll.202007289
Subject(s) - polyvinylidene fluoride , nanogenerator , piezoelectricity , materials science , power density , optoelectronics , electrode , energy harvesting , voltage , fluoropolymer , polarization (electrochemistry) , open circuit voltage , mechanical energy , composite material , power (physics) , polymer , electrical engineering , chemistry , physics , quantum mechanics , engineering
While piezoelectric nanogenerators have demonstrated the effective conversion of tiny mechanical vibrations to electricity, their performances are rarely examined under harsh environmental conditions. Here, a multilayered polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) film‐based piezoelectric nanogenerator (ML‐PENG) is demonstrated to generate considerable and stable power outputs even at extremely low temperatures and pressures, and under strong UV. Up‐/down‐polarized PVDF films are alternately stacked, and Ag electrodes are intercalated between the two adjacent films. At − 266 ° C and 10 −5 Torr, the ML‐PENG generates an open‐circuit voltage of 1.1 V, a short‐circuit current density of 8 nA cm −2 , and a power density of 4.4 nW cm −2 . The piezoelectric outputs are quite stable against prolonged illumination of UV, large temperature‐ and pressure‐variations, and excessive mechanical vibrations. The piezoelectric power density is greatly enhanced above the freezing and glass transition temperatures of PVDF and recorded to be 10, 105, and 282 nW cm −2 at − 73, 0, and 77 ° C, respectively. The ML‐PENG generates sufficient power to operate five light‐emitting diodes by harvesting biomechanical energy under simulated Martian conditions. This work suggests that polarization‐ and electrode‐optimized ML‐PENG can serve as a reliable and economic power source in harsh and inaccessible environments like polar areas of Earth and extraterrestrial Mars.