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Immune Cell Membrane‐Coated Biomimetic Nanoparticles for Targeted Cancer Therapy
Author(s) -
Oroojalian Fatemeh,
Beygi Mohammad,
Baradaran Behzad,
Mokhtarzadeh Ahad,
Shahbazi MohammadAli
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
small
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.785
H-Index - 236
eISSN - 1613-6829
pISSN - 1613-6810
DOI - 10.1002/smll.202006484
Subject(s) - immune system , cancer cell , nanotechnology , cancer , materials science , cell , drug delivery , metastasis , in vivo , cancer research , chemistry , medicine , immunology , biology , biochemistry , microbiology and biotechnology
Nanotechnology has provided great opportunities for managing neoplastic conditions at various levels, from preventive and diagnostic to therapeutic fields. However, when it comes to clinical application, nanoparticles (NPs) have some limitations in terms of biological stability, poor targeting, and rapid clearance from the body. Therefore, biomimetic approaches, utilizing immune cell membranes, are proposed to solve these issues. For example, macrophage or neutrophil cell membrane coated NPs are developed with the ability to interact with tumor tissue to suppress cancer progression and metastasis. The functionality of these particles largely depends on the surface proteins of the immune cells and their preserved function during membrane extraction and coating process on the NPs. Proteins on the outer surface of immune cells can render a wide range of activities to the NPs, including prolonged blood circulation, remarkable competency in recognizing antigens for enhanced targeting, better cellular interactions, gradual drug release, and reduced toxicity in vivo. In this review, nano‐based systems coated with immune cells‐derived membranous layers, their detailed production process, and the applicability of these biomimetic systems in cancer treatment are discussed. In addition, future perspectives and challenges for their clinical translation are also presented.