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Carbon‐Supported Single‐Atom Catalysts for Formic Acid Oxidation and Oxygen Reduction Reactions
Author(s) -
Han Ali,
Zhang Zedong,
Yang Jiarui,
Wang Dingsheng,
Li Yadong
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
small
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.785
H-Index - 236
eISSN - 1613-6829
pISSN - 1613-6810
DOI - 10.1002/smll.202004500
Subject(s) - catalysis , proton exchange membrane fuel cell , formic acid , carbon fibers , oxygen reduction reaction , metal , nanomaterial based catalyst , chemistry , anode , materials science , nanotechnology , chemical engineering , inorganic chemistry , combinatorial chemistry , electrochemistry , organic chemistry , electrode , composite number , engineering , composite material
Abstract The commercialization of fuel cells, especially for direct formic acid fuel cells (DFAFCs) and proton‐exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), is significantly restrained by the high cost, poor stability, and sluggish kinetics of platinum group metals (PGM) catalysts for both the anodic formic acid oxidation reaction (FAOR) and the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Currently, it has confronted with challenges, including exploring highly active, cost‐effective, and stable catalysts to replace PGM for DFAFCs and PEMFCs. Recently, the increasing investigation has been focused on the single‐atom catalysts (SACs) to enhance the catalytic performance owing to the maximum atom utilization and highly exposed active sites. The aim of this review is to present the recent research activities on carbon supported SACs. At the beginning of the review, metal‐based SACs supported on different carbon supports, and the typical characterization methods are introduced. Subsequently, recent advances in metal‐based SACs for FAOR and ORR catalysis are scientifically summarized. Particularly, some representative metal‐based SACs for ORR activity are further exemplified with a deeper understanding of structure‐activity relationships. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of SACs are prospected, such as the mechanism understanding and commercial applications.