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Responsive Upconversion Nanoprobe for Background‐Free Hypochlorous Acid Detection and Bioimaging
Author(s) -
Zhang Run,
Liang Liuen,
Meng Qingtao,
Zhao Jiangbo,
Ta Hang T.,
Li Li,
Zhang Zhiqiang,
Sultanbawa Yasmina,
Xu Zhi Ping
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
small
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.785
H-Index - 236
eISSN - 1613-6829
pISSN - 1613-6810
DOI - 10.1002/smll.201803712
Subject(s) - nanoprobe , hypochlorous acid , photon upconversion , fluorescence , luminescence , nanotechnology , photochemistry , förster resonance energy transfer , chemistry , nanosensor , energy transfer , nanoparticle , ruthenium , materials science , optoelectronics , biochemistry , catalysis , physics , quantum mechanics , molecular physics
Abstract Responsive nanoprobes play an important role in bioassay and bioimaging, early diagnosis of diseases and treatment monitoring. Herein, a upconversional nanoparticle (UCNP)‐based nanoprobe, Ru@UCNPs, for specific sensing and imaging of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is reported. This Ru@UCNP nanoprobe consists of two functional components,, i.e., NaYF 4 :Yb, Tm UCNPs that can convert near infrared light‐to‐visible light as the energy donor, and a HOCl‐responsive ruthenium(II) complex [Ru(bpy) 2 (DNCH‐bpy)](PF 6 ) 2 (Ru‐DNPH) as the energy acceptor and also the upconversion luminescence (UCL) quencher. Within this luminescence resonance energy transfer nanoprobe system, the UCL OFF–ON emission is triggered specifically by HOCl. This triggering reaction enables the detection of HOCl in aqueous solution and biological systems. As an example of applications, the Ru@UCNPs nanoprobe is loaded onto test papers for semiquantitative HOCl detection without any interference from the background fluorescence. The application of Ru@UCNPs for background‐free detection and visualization of HOCl in cells and mice is successfully demonstrated. This research has thus shown that Ru@UCNPs is a selective HOCl‐responsive nanoprobe, providing a new way to detect HOCl and a new strategy to develop novel nanoprobes for in situ detection of various biomarkers in cells and early disgnosis of animal diseases.