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Label‐Free Optofluidic Nanobiosensor Enables Real‐Time Analysis of Single‐Cell Cytokine Secretion
Author(s) -
Li Xiaokang,
Soler Maria,
Szydzik Crispin,
Khoshmanesh Khashayar,
Schmidt Julien,
Coukos George,
Mitchell Arnan,
Altug Hatice
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
small
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.785
H-Index - 236
eISSN - 1613-6829
pISSN - 1613-6810
DOI - 10.1002/smll.201800698
Subject(s) - secretion , microfluidics , single cell analysis , nanotechnology , cell , temporal resolution , biosensor , live cell imaging , materials science , microbiology and biotechnology , biophysics , biological system , chemistry , computer science , biology , biochemistry , physics , quantum mechanics
Single‐cell analysis of cytokine secretion is essential to understand the heterogeneity of cellular functionalities and develop novel therapies for multiple diseases. Unraveling the dynamic secretion process at single‐cell resolution reveals the real‐time functional status of individual cells. Fluorescent and colorimetric‐based methodologies require tedious molecular labeling that brings inevitable interferences with cell integrity and compromises the temporal resolution. An innovative label‐free optofluidic nanoplasmonic biosensor is introduced for single‐cell analysis in real time. The nanobiosensor incorporates a novel design of a multifunctional microfluidic system with small volume microchamber and regulation channels for reliable monitoring of cytokine secretion from individual cells for hours. Different interleukin‐2 secretion profiles are detected and distinguished from single lymphoma cells. The sensor configuration combined with optical spectroscopic imaging further allows us to determine the spatial single‐cell secretion fingerprints in real time. This new biosensor system is anticipated to be a powerful tool to characterize single‐cell signaling for basic and clinical research.