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Light‐Induced Buckles Localized by Polymeric Inks Printed on Bilayer Films
Author(s) -
Park Sungjune,
Nallainathan Umaash,
Mondal Kunal,
Sen Pratik,
Dickey Michael D.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
small
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.785
H-Index - 236
eISSN - 1613-6829
pISSN - 1613-6810
DOI - 10.1002/smll.201704460
Subject(s) - buckle , materials science , buckling , microscale chemistry , stack (abstract data type) , composite material , substrate (aquarium) , blisters , deformation (meteorology) , thin film , nanotechnology , geology , oceanography , mathematics education , mathematics , computer science , programming language
Buckling instabilities generate microscale features in thin films in a facile manner. Buckles can form, for example, by heating a metal/polymer film stack on a rigid substrate. Thermal expansion differences of the individual layers generate compressive stress that causes the metal to buckle over the entire surface. The ability to dictate and confine the location of buckle formation can enable patterns with more than one length scale, including hierarchical patterns. Here, sacrificial “ink” patterned on top of the film stack localizes the buckles via two mechanisms. First, stiff inks suppress buckles such that only the non‐inked regions buckle in response to infrared light. The metal in the non‐inked regions absorbs the infrared light and thus gets sufficiently hot to induce buckles. Second, soft inks that absorb light get hot faster than the non‐inked regions and promote buckling when exposed to visible light. The exposed metal in the non‐inked regions reflects the light and thus never get sufficiently hot to induce buckles. This second method works on glass substrates, but not silicon substrates, due to the superior thermal insulation of glass. The patterned ink can be removed, leaving behind hierarchical patterns consisting of regions of buckles among non‐buckled regions.