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A Single Composition Architecture‐Based Nanoprobe for Ratiometric Photoacoustic Imaging of Glutathione (GSH) in Living Mice
Author(s) -
Yin Chao,
Tang Yufu,
Li Xiaozhen,
Yang Zhen,
Li Jie,
Li Xiang,
Huang Wei,
Fan Quli
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
small
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.785
H-Index - 236
eISSN - 1613-6829
pISSN - 1613-6810
DOI - 10.1002/smll.201703400
Subject(s) - nanoprobe , glutathione , in vivo , photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine , chemistry , cyanine , biophysics , preclinical imaging , materials science , nanotechnology , fluorescence , nanoparticle , biochemistry , optics , biology , physics , microbiology and biotechnology , enzyme
As one of the reduction species, glutathione (GSH) plays a tremendous role in regulating the homeostasis of redox state in living body. Accurate imaging of GSH in vivo is highly desired to provide a real‐time visualization of physiological and pathological conditions while it is still a big challenge. Recently developed photoacoustic imaging (PAI) with high resolution and deep penetration characteristics is more promising for in vivo GSH detection. However, its application is dramatically limited by the difficult designation of photoacoustic probes with changeable near‐infrared (NIR)‐absorption under reductive activation. A cyanine derivative‐based activatable probe is developed for in vivo ratiometric PAI of GSH for the first time. The probe is structurally designed to output ratiometric signals toward GSH in NIR‐absorption region based on the cleavage of disulfide bond followed by a subsequent exchange between the secondary amine and sulfydryl group formed. Such a ratiometric manner provides high signal‐to‐noise imaging of blood vessels and their surrounding areas in tumor. Concomitantly, it also exhibits good specificity toward GSH over other thiols. Furthermore, the single composition architecture of the probe effectively overcomes the leakage issue compared with traditional multicomposition architecture‐based nanoprobe, thus enhancing the imaging accuracy and fidelity in living body.