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Reverse Reconstruction and Bioprinting of Bacterial Cellulose‐Based Functional Total Intervertebral Disc for Therapeutic Implantation
Author(s) -
Yang Junchuan,
Wang Le,
Zhang Wei,
Sun Zhen,
Li Ying,
Yang Mingzhu,
Zeng Di,
Peng Baogan,
Zheng Wenfu,
Jiang Xingyu,
Yang Guang
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
small
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.785
H-Index - 236
eISSN - 1613-6829
pISSN - 1613-6810
DOI - 10.1002/smll.201702582
Subject(s) - intervertebral disc , nanofiber , biomedical engineering , cellulose , materials science , bacterial cellulose , flexibility (engineering) , 3d bioprinting , tissue engineering , nanotechnology , chemistry , anatomy , medicine , biochemistry , statistics , mathematics
The degradation of intervertebral discs (IVD), a typical hierarchical structured tissue, causes serious neck and back pain. The current methods cannot fully reconstitute the unique structure and function of native IVD. In this study, by reverse reconstruction of the structure of native IVD and bioprinting bacterial cellulose (BC) nanofibers with a high‐throughput optimized micropattern screening microchip, a total IVD is created that contained type II collagen‐based nucleus pulposus (NP) and hierarchically organized and micropatterned BC‐based annulus fibrosus (AF), mimicking native IVD tissue. The artificial NP contains rat NP cells, whereas the AF contains concentrically arranged BC layers with aligned micropatterns and attached AF cells in +/−30° alternate directions between adjacent layers. Long‐term (3 months) implantation experiments on rats demonstrate the excellent structural (shape maintenance, hydration, tissue integration) and functional (mechanical support and flexibility) performance of the artificial IVD. This study provides a novel strategy for creating highly sophisticated artificial tissues.