Premium
Soft but Powerful Artificial Muscles Based on 3D Graphene–CNT–Ni Heteronanostructures
Author(s) -
Kim Jaehwan,
Bae SeokHu,
Kotal Moumita,
Stalbaum Tyler,
Kim Kwang J.,
Oh IlKwon
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
small
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.785
H-Index - 236
eISSN - 1613-6829
pISSN - 1613-6810
DOI - 10.1002/smll.201701314
Subject(s) - materials science , artificial muscle , ionic bonding , nafion , ionic liquid , ionic conductivity , electrolyte , graphene , bending , nanotechnology , actuator , carbon nanotube , durability , composite material , polymer , electrode , ion , electrochemistry , chemistry , computer science , biochemistry , organic chemistry , artificial intelligence , catalysis
Bioinspired soft ionic actuators, which exhibit large strain and high durability under low input voltages, are regarded as prospective candidates for future soft electronics. However, due to the intrinsic drawback of weak blocking force, the feasible applications of soft ionic actuators are limited until now. An electroactive artificial muscle electro‐chemomechanically reinforced with 3D graphene–carbon nanotube–nickel heteronanostructures (G–CNT–Ni) to improve blocking force and bending deformation of the ionic actuators is demonstrated. The G–CNT–Ni heteronanostructure, which provides an electrically conductive 3D network and sufficient contact area with mobile ions in the polymer electrolyte, is embedded as a nanofiller in both ionic polymer and conductive electrodes of the ionic actuators. An ionic exchangeable composite membrane consisting of Nafion, G–CNT–Ni and ionic liquid (IL) shows improved tensile modulus and strength of up to 166% and 98%, respectively, and increased ionic conductivity of 0.254 S m −1 . The ionic actuator exhibits enhanced actuation performances including three times larger bending deformation, 2.37 times higher blocking force, and 4 h durability. The electroactive artificial muscle electro‐chemomechanically reinforced with 3D G–CNT–Ni heteronanostructures offers improvements over current soft ionic actuator technologies and can advance the practical engineering applications.