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Highly Doped Carbon Nanobelts with Ultrahigh Nitrogen Content as High‐Performance Supercapacitor Materials
Author(s) -
Su Congcong,
Pei Chengjie,
Wu Bingxia,
Qian Junfeng,
Tan Yiwei
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
small
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.785
H-Index - 236
eISSN - 1613-6829
pISSN - 1613-6810
DOI - 10.1002/smll.201700834
Subject(s) - pseudocapacitance , supercapacitor , materials science , carbon fibers , capacitance , chemical engineering , pyrolysis , electrochemistry , nitrogen , nanostructure , faraday efficiency , redox , aqueous solution , doping , nanotechnology , electrode , chemistry , composite number , organic chemistry , composite material , optoelectronics , engineering , metallurgy
Nitrogen‐doped and nitrogen and oxygen codoped carbon nanobelts (CNBs) (denoted as N–CNBs and N–O–CNBs, respectively) are respectively obtained by pyrolyzing the self‐aligned polypyrrole (PPy) NBs and Se@poly(2‐methoxy‐5‐nitroaniline) core@shell nanowires. Particularly, the uniform size, unique nanostructure, and well‐defined edges of the PPy NBs result in the uniform size of the doped CNBs with an extraordinarily high N doping level (≈16 at%), especially the very large concentrations of the redox active pyridinic (9 at%) and pyrrolic N (3.5 at%) species. Furthermore, the precursors in highly self‐aligned, dense arrays give rise to a very high packing density for the N–CNBs and N–O–CNBs. These incomparable features provide not only appropriate pathways for the introduction of pseudocapacitance via rapid Faradaic reactions and enhancement of volumetric capacitance but also structural design and synthesis approach to new types of nanostructured carbon. Notably, the N–CNBs obtained at the pyrolysis temperature of 800 °C (N–CNB8) in symmetric electrochemical cells deliver a specific capacitance of 458 F g −1 and ultrahigh volumetric capacitance of 645 F cm −3 in aqueous solution, which are among the best performance ever reported for carbon‐based supercapacitive materials.