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Magnetometry of Individual Polycrystalline Ferromagnetic Nanowires
Author(s) -
Shamsudhin Naveen,
Tao Ye,
Sort Jordi,
Jang Bumjin,
Degen Christian L.,
Nelson Bradley J.,
Pané Salvador
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
small
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.785
H-Index - 236
eISSN - 1613-6829
pISSN - 1613-6810
DOI - 10.1002/smll.201602338
Subject(s) - nanowire , materials science , nanosensor , ferromagnetism , magnetometer , crystallite , nanotechnology , cantilever , magnetic nanoparticles , microrheology , nanoscopic scale , characterization (materials science) , nanoparticle , condensed matter physics , magnetic field , rheology , composite material , metallurgy , physics , quantum mechanics
Ferromagnetic nanowires are finding use as untethered sensors and actuators for probing micro‐ and nanoscale biophysical phenomena, such as for localized sensing and application of forces and torques on biological samples, for tissue heating through magnetic hyperthermia, and for microrheology. Quantifying the magnetic properties of individual isolated nanowires is crucial for such applications. Dynamic cantilever magnetometry is used to measure the magnetic properties of individual sub‐500 nm diameter polycrystalline nanowires of Ni and Ni 80 Co 20 fabricated by template‐assisted electrochemical deposition. The values are compared with bulk, ensemble measurements when the nanowires are still embedded within their growth matrix. It is found that single‐particle and ensemble measurements of nanowires yield significantly different results that reflect inter‐nanowire interactions and chemical modifications of the sample during the release process from the growth matrix. The results highlight the importance of performing single‐particle characterization for objects that will be used as individual magnetic nanoactuators or nanosensors in biomedical applications.