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Reducing Hysteresis and Enhancing Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells Using Low‐Temperature Processed Y‐Doped SnO 2 Nanosheets as Electron Selective Layers
Author(s) -
Yang Guang,
Lei Hongwei,
Tao Hong,
Zheng Xiaolu,
Ma Junjie,
Liu Qin,
Ke Weijun,
Chen Zhiliang,
Xiong Liangbin,
Qin Pingli,
Chen Zhao,
Qin Minchao,
Lu Xinhui,
Yan Yanfa,
Fang Guojia
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
small
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.785
H-Index - 236
eISSN - 1613-6829
pISSN - 1613-6810
DOI - 10.1002/smll.201601769
Subject(s) - materials science , hydrothermal circulation , nanosheet , perovskite (structure) , doping , tin oxide , hysteresis , chemical engineering , nanotechnology , energy conversion efficiency , tin dioxide , band gap , perovskite solar cell , yttrium , optoelectronics , oxide , metallurgy , physics , quantum mechanics , engineering
Despite the rapid increase of efficiency, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) still face some challenges, one of which is the current–voltage hysteresis. Herein, it is reported that yttrium‐doped tin dioxide (Y‐SnO 2 ) electron selective layer (ESL) synthesized by an in situ hydrothermal growth process at 95 °C can significantly reduce the hysteresis and improve the performance of PSCs. Comparison studies reveal two main effects of Y doping of SnO 2 ESLs: (1) it promotes the formation of well‐aligned and more homogeneous distribution of SnO 2 nanosheet arrays (NSAs), which allows better perovskite infiltration, better contacts of perovskite with SnO 2 nanosheets, and improves electron transfer from perovskite to ESL; (2) it enlarges the band gap and upshifts the band energy levels, resulting in better energy level alignment with perovskite and reduced charge recombination at NSA/perovskite interfaces. As a result, PSCs using Y‐SnO 2 NSA ESLs exhibit much less hysteresis and better performance compared with the cells using pristine SnO 2 NSA ESLs. The champion cell using Y‐SnO 2 NSA ESL achieves a photovoltaic conversion efficiency of 17.29% (16.97%) when measured under reverse (forward) voltage scanning and a steady‐state efficiency of 16.25%. The results suggest that low‐temperature hydrothermal‐synthesized Y‐SnO 2 NSA is a promising ESL for fabricating efficient and hysteresis‐less PSC.