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High‐Performance Upconversion Nanoprobes for Multimodal MR Imaging of Acute Ischemic Stroke
Author(s) -
Wang Jing,
Zhang Hua,
Ni Dalong,
Fan Wenpei,
Qu Jianxun,
Liu Yanyan,
Jin Yingying,
Cui Zhaowen,
Xu Tianyong,
Wu Yue,
Bu Wenbo,
Yao Zhenwei
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
small
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.785
H-Index - 236
eISSN - 1613-6829
pISSN - 1613-6810
DOI - 10.1002/smll.201601144
Subject(s) - magnetic resonance imaging , peg ratio , medicine , acute stroke , stroke (engine) , magnetic resonance angiography , perfusion , ischemic stroke , angiography , radiology , high resolution , materials science , ischemia , mechanical engineering , finance , tissue plasminogen activator , engineering , economics , remote sensing , geology
Multimodal magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, including MR angiography (MRA) and MR perfusion (MRP), plays a critical role in the diagnosis and surveillance of acute ischemic stroke. However, these techniques are hindered by the low T 1 relaxivity, short circulation time, and high leakage rate from vessels of clinical Magnevist. To address these problems, nontoxic polyethylene glycol (PEG)ylated upconversion nanoprobes (PEG‐UCNPs) are synthesized and first adopted for excellent MRA and MRP imaging, featuring high diagnostic sensitivity toward acute ischemic stroke in high‐resolution imaging. The investigations show that the agent possesses superior advantages over clinical Magnevist, such as much higher relaxivity, longer circulation time, and lower leakage rate, which guarantee much better imaging efficiency. Remarkably, an extremely small dosage (5 mg Gd kg −1 ) of PEG‐UCNPs provides high‐resolution MRA imaging with the vascular system delineated much clearer than the Magnevist with clinical dosage as high as 108 mg Gd kg −1 . On the other hand, the long circulation time of PEG‐UCNPs enables the surveillance of the progression of ischemic stroke using MRA or MRP. Once translated, these PEG‐UCNPs are expected to be a promising candidate for substituting the clinical Magnevist in MRA and MRP, which will significantly lengthen the imaging time window and improve the overall diagnostic efficiency.